Comparative analysis of urban solid waste generation in Guayaquil, Quito and Cuenca, Ecuador Evidence from ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The generation of urban solid waste is a growing challenge for Ecuadorian cities, especially in contexts of urban expansion and population growth. This study aims to carry out a comparative analysis of the generation of urban solid waste in the cities of Guayaquil, Quito and Cuenca during the period 2018–2024. Official data from the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) were used, considering the amount of waste collected (ton/day), the urban population and the per capita production of waste. The analysis included descriptive statistics, a one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's post hoc test, and a linear regression model to assess explanatory factors. The results show statistically significant differences in waste generation between cities, with Guayaquil standing out as the one with the highest generation. Tukey's test confirmed significant differences between Guayaquil and Quito, as well as between Guayaquil and Cuenca, while no significant differences were observed between Quito and Cuenca. Likewise, the urban population showed a significant influence on waste generation, while per capita production did not present a statistically significant effect. These findings provide evidence for the design of differentiated waste management policies at the urban scale.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Afroz, R., Hanaki, K., & Tudin, R. (2011). Factors affecting waste generation: a study in a waste management program in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 179(1-4), 509-519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1753-4
Alshaikh, R., & Abdelfatah, A. (2024). Optimization Techniques in Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Systematic Review. Sustainability, 16(15), 6585.https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156585
Beigl, P., Lebersorger, S., & Salhofer, S. (2008). Modelling municipal solid waste generation: A review. Waste Management, 28(1), 200-214.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.12.011
Bel, G., & Warner, M. E. (2024). Inter‐Municipal Cooperation and Costs: Expectations and Evidence. Public Administration, 93(1), 52-67.https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12104
Bogner, J., Pipatti, R., Hashimoto, S., Diaz, C., Mareckova, K., Diaz, L., Kjeldsen, P., Monni, S., Faaij, A., Qingxian Gao, Tianzhu Zhang, Mohammed Abdelrafie Ahmed, Sutamihardja, R. T. M., & Gregory, R. (2008). Mitigation of global greenhouse gas emissions from waste: conclusions and strategies from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report. Working Group III (Mitigation). Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy, 26(1), 11-32.https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X07088433
das Mercês Costa, I., Dias, M. F., & Robaina, M. (2024). Evaluation of the efficiency of urban solid waste management in Brazil by data envelopment analysis and possible variables of influence. Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy, 6(2), 283-295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42768-023-00175-x
Deheri, C., & Acharya, S. K. (2021). Effect of calcium peroxide and sodium hydroxide on hydrogen and methane generation during the co-digestion of food waste and cow dung. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279, 123901.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123901
Delgado-Antequera, L., Gémar, G., Molinos-Senante, M., Gómez, T., Caballero, R., & Sala-Garrido, R. (2021). Eco-efficiency assessment of municipal solid waste services: Influence of exogenous variables. Waste Management, 130, 136-146.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2021.05.022
Filimonova, N., & Birchall, S. J. (2024). Sustainable municipal solid waste management: A comparative analysis of enablers and barriers to advance governance in the Arctic. Journal of Environmental Management, 371, 123111.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123111
Geissdoerfer, M., Savaget, P., Bocken, N. M. P., & Hultink, E. J. (2017). The Circular Economy - A new sustainability paradigm? Journal of Cleaner Production, 143, 757-768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048
Guerrero, L. A., Maas, G., & Hogland, W. (2013). Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing countries. Waste Management, 33(1), 220-232.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.09.008
Hannus, V., Venus, T. J., & Sauer, J. (2020). Acceptance of sustainability standards by farmers - empirical evidence from Germany. Journal of Environmental Management, 267, 110617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110617
Korhonen, J., Honkasalo, A., & Seppälä, J. (2018). Circular Economy: The Concept and its Limitations. Ecological Economics, 143, 37-46.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.06.041
Mazzanti, M., Montini, A., & Zoboli, R. (2008). Municipal Waste Generation and Socioeconomic Drivers. The Journal of Environment & Development, 17(1), 51-69.https://doi.org/10.1177/1070496507312575
Niezwida, S. R., Michalus, J. C., & Gavazzo, G. B. (2023). Revisión bibliográfica sobre los residuos sólidos urbanos. Revista InGenio, 6(2), 30-39.https://doi.org/10.18779/ingenio.v6i2.678
Pires, A., Martinho, G., & Chang, N.-B. (2011). Solid waste management in European countries: A review of systems analysis techniques. Journal of Environmental Management, 92(4), 1033-1050.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.11.024
Sánchez-Romero, F. E., & Recalde-Gracey, A. E. (2024). Gestión de residuos sólidos municipales 2021-2023: Revisión sistemática. Gestio et Productio. Revista Electrónica de Ciencias Gerenciales, 6(11), 246-255.https://doi.org/10.35381/gep.v6i11.187
Silva, N. S. da, Sano, E. E., & Chaves, J. M. (2024). Eficiência na Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos: Uma Revisão Bibliométrica dos Últimos 20 Anos. Periódico Eletrônico Fórum Ambiental Da Alta Paulista, 20(4).https://doi.org/10.17271/1980082720420245245
Soo, V. K., Compston, P., & Doolan, M. (2017). The influence of joint technologies on ELV recyclability. Waste Management, 68, 421-433.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.020
Vergara, S. E., & Tchobanoglous, G. (2012). Municipal Solid Waste and the Environment: A Global Perspective. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 37(1), 277-309.https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-050511-122532
Yang, Q., Fu, L., Liu, X., & Cheng, M. (2018). Evaluating the Efficiency of Municipal Solid Waste Management in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(11), 2448. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112448
Zafra-Gómez, J.-L., López-Pérez, G., Garrido-Montañés, M., & Zafra-Gómez, E. (2023). Cost Efficiency in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW): Different Alternatives in Service Delivery for Small and Medium Sized Spanish Local Governments. Sustainability, 15(7), 6198. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15076198
Zhang, R., & Mirzaei, P. A. (2021). Fast and dynamic urban neighbourhood energy simulation using CFDf-CFDc-BES coupling method. Sustainable Cities and Society, 66, 102545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102545